Cytokines are small molecular peptides or glycoproteins synthesized and secreted by a variety of tissue cells, mainly immune cells. Cytokines mediate cellular interactions and have a variety...
What are cytokines?
Cytokines are a class of small soluble peptide proteins secreted by immune cells and tissue cells that play a reciprocal regulatory role between cells and are involved in...
In recent years,high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) has been used more and more widely in conventional drug analysis and detection. The 1975 edition of the "United States Pharmacopeia"...
Fluorescence analysis can qualitatively and quantitatively analyze substances based on the characteristics and intensity of fluorescence produced by the photoluminescence of the substance. At...
Carotenoidsare lipophilic natural pigments synthesized by all photosynthetic organisms and some non-photosynthetic prokaryotes and fungi. Typical carotenoids are C40 mushroom compounds and their...
Structure and classification of anthocyanins
The basic structure of anthocyanins is an α-phenylchroman cation with a basic C6 (A ring)-C3 (C ring)-C6 (B ring) carbon skeleton structure....
Auxinis the most important class of hormones in plants, and its asymmetric distribution pattern in plants regulates the developmental processes of plant cells and tissues, including cell...
In the realm of biological sciences, bile acids stand as pivotal molecules, playing a multifaceted role in various physiological processes within organisms. Bile acids are specialized molecules...
What are plant hormones?
Plant hormonesare trace organic compounds synthesized in plants that have significant effects on plant growth and development. They can be transferred from the site of...
Metabolism is the assembly of biochemical reactions in living organisms, the material basis for life maintenance of living organisms, and an important basis for the study of life activities....
Bile acids are synthesized in the liver from cholesterol as a raw material. As a natural "emulsifier", they can promote the dissolution, digestion and absorption of fats, fat-soluble...
Capillary Electrophoresis (CE) is an analytical technique used in the development and quality control of protein drugs. From medium optimization, clone screening, formulation stability research...